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Auffrey, L.M., Robinson, S.M.C., and Barbeau, M.A.  Effect of green macroalgal mats on burial depth of soft-shelled clams Mya arenaria.  Marine Ecology Progress Series 278: 193-203, 2004.
Abstract available

Britton-Simmons, K.H.  Direct and indirect effects of the introduced alga Sargassum muticum on benthic, subtidal communities of Washington State, USA.  Marine Ecology Progress Series  277: 61-78, 2004.

Castilla, J.C., Lagos, N.A., and Cerda, M.  Marine ecosystem engineering by the alien ascidian Pyura praeputialis on a mid-intertidal rocky shore.  Marine Ecology Progress Series 268: 119-130, 2004. © Inter-Research
Abstract Available

Dahlgren, C. and Marr, J.  Back reef systems: Important but overlooked components of tropical marine ecosystems.  Bulletin of Marine Science 75(2): 145-152, 2004.

El Banna, M.M.  Nature and human impact on Nile Delta coastal sand dunes, Egypt.  Environmental Geology 45(5): 690-695, 2004.

Estes, J.A., Danner, E.M., Doak, D.F., Konar, B., Springer, A.M., Steinberg, P.D., Tinker, M.T., and Williams, T.M.  Complex trophic interactions in kelp forest ecosystems.  Bulletin of Marine Science  74(3): 621-638, 2004.

Gorgula, S.K. and Connell, S.D.  Expansive covers of turf-forming algae on human-dominated coast: the relative effects of increasing nutrient and sediment loads.  Marine Biology 145(3): 613-619, 2004.

Johnston, P.A. and Santillo, D.  Conservation of seamount ecosystems:  Application of a marine protected areas concept.  Archive of Fishery and Marine Research 51(1-3): 305-319, 2004.

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Kamenos, N.A., Moore, P.G., and Hall-Spencer, J.M.  Nursery-area function of maerl grounds for juvenile queen scallops Aequipecten opercularis and other invertebrates.  Marine Ecology Progress Series 274: 183-189, 2004.
Abstract available

Kendall, M.A., Burrows, M.T., Southward, A.J., and Hawkins, S.J.  Predicting the effects of marine climate change on the invertebrate prey of the birds of rocky shores.  Ibis 146(Suppl.1): 40-47, 2004.

Lenihan, H.S. and Peterson, C.H.  Conserving oyster reef habitat by switching from dredging and tonging to diver-harvesting.  Fishery Bulletin 102(2): 298-305, 2004.

Lohrer, A.M., Thrush, S.F., and Gibbs, M.M.  Bioturbators enhance ecosystem function through complex biogeochemical interactions.  Nature 431(7012): 1092-1095, 2004.

Nicholls, R.J.  Coastal flooding and wetland loss in the 21st century: changes under the SRES climate and socio-economic scenarios.  Global Environmental Change - Human and Policy Dimensions 14(1): 69-86, 2004.

Nicholls, R.J. and Lowe, J.A.  Benefits of mitigation of climate change for coastal areas.  Global Environmental Change - Human and Policy Dimensions 14(3): 229-244, 2004.

Paine, R.T. and Trimble, A.C.  Abrupt community change on a rocky shore - biological mechanisms contributing to the potential formation of an alternative state.  Ecology Letters 7(6): 441-445, 2004.

Pilkey, O.H. and Cooper, J.A.G.  Society and sea level rise.  Science 303(5665): 1781-1782, 2004.

Reeder, T.G. and Hacker, S.D.  Factors contributing to the removal of a marine grass invader (Spartina anglica) and subsequent potential for habitat restoration.  Estuaries 27(2): 244-252, 2004.

Saier, B. and Chapman, A.S.  Crusts of the alien bryozoan Membranipora membranacea can negatively impact spore output from native kelps (Laminaria longicruris).  Botanica Marina 47(4): 265-271, 2004.

Schwindt, E., Iribarne, O.O., and Isla, F.I.  Physical effects of an invading reef-building polychaete on an Argentinean estuarine environment.  Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 59(1): 109-120, 2004.

Steneck, R.S., Vavrinec, J., and Leland, A.V.  Accelerating trophic-level dysfunction in kelp forest ecosystems of the western North Atlantic.  Ecosystems 7(4): 323-332, 2004.

Stive, M.J.F.  How important is global warming for coastal erosion? An editorial comment.  Climatic Change 64(1-2): 27-39, 2004.

Wilson, S., Blake, C., Berges, J.A., and Maggs, C.A.  Environmental tolerances of free-living coralline algae (Maerl):  implications for European marine conservation.  Biological Conservation 120(2): 279-289, 2004.

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